Crop Science Author Instructions
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ASA, CSSA, SSSA Editorial Policies
Scope
Crop Science (CS) is an international journal publishing significant advances in crop science. Papers chosen for publication must demonstrate relevance to a crop system and present new knowledge of value and interest to scientists studying other crops, or studying the same crop in different production conditions. Studies that confirm previous advances or contain information primarily of local interest will not be accepted. Manuscripts may focus on any aspect of crop science, including but not limited to agronomy, physiology, and genetics, and will be classified according to the Crop Science Society of America division with which they align most closely. Crop Science also publishes thematic collections of articles across its scope and includes topical Review, and Perspectives articles.
Articles reporting experimentation or research in field crops or reviews of such research will be accepted for review as papers. For research involving controlled environments, see our Controlled Environment Research guidelines. Letters to the editor are welcomed and are published subject to review and approval of the editor. When letters concern previous articles, the authors will be invited to reply; letter and reply are published together. Forage breeding manuscripts should be submitted to Division C-1 rather than C-6.
Manuscript Types
- Original Article. Papers that present novel findings that advance current knowledge on a specific research topic (one to multiple pages).
- Issues. Topical papers on issues related to crop science.
- Scientific Perspective. Shorter papers presenting a broader, more personal perspective on a single specific topic, usually providing interpretation of data that has largely been previously published.
- Review. Longer, more comprehensive papers presenting interpretation of data that has largely been previously published.
- Letter to the Editor. Papers to provide a forum to discuss specific topics. 300 words or less. Published subject to review and approval by the Editor.
- Invited Review. By invitation only, longer, more comprehensive papers presenting interpretation of data that has largely been previously published.
- Lecture. By invite only, papers associated with one of Crop Science Society of America Lectureships.
- Book Review. Short description of a book related to the crop science field.
Crop Science also publishes special sections, which are designed to bring to the forefront and promote new areas of research of broad interest to the Crop Science readership; highlight and provide a platform for scientific exchange resulting from symposia, collaborative projects, and topical conferences through rigorous and professional peer review process; and provide a periodic overview of the state of the art in various research areas by soliciting contributions from active leaders in the field of crop science. A typical special section size varies from 6 to 25 manuscripts. A proposal for a special section solicits and calls for papers along a theme (approved by the Crop Science Editor) to be submitted, reviewed, and published within the time frame of approximately one year. Submit a one-page proposal for consideration to the Crop Science Editor and include the section's title; an abstract with motivation, scope, and example contributions; a list of potential contributors; suggested guest associate editors; and timeline for submission, review, and publication.
Manuscript Submission
Templates
Download the CS Manuscript Submission Template and Pre-Submission Manuscript Formatting Checklist.
Submission
Submit manuscripts at the CS Manuscript Submission Site. Submissions to CS may not be previously published in their entirety or simultaneously submitted to any other scientific or technical journal. American Society of Agronomy (ASA), Crop Science Society of America (CSSA), and Soil Science Society of America (SSSA) journals follow the Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association (APA style) for most style points. Consult our Publications Handbook and Style Manual for information on preparing and editing papers.
Creating the Manuscript File
Microsoft Word or LaTeX files may be submitted for review. For your convenience, we encourage you to use our Word template. The manuscript should be double-spaced, using page and continuous line numbers. See our LaTex File Submission Guidelines for instructions on submitting LaTeX files.
Peer Review and Revisions
All manuscripts submitted undergo single blind peer review. Papers are assigned to a technical editor, who will assign an associate editor to solicit at least two reviews. After evaluating the completed reviews, the associate editor will recommend a decision to the technical editor. Authors will be prompted to provide a list of potential reviewers. These reviewers must not have a conflict of interest involving the authors or paper, and the editorial board has the right to not use any reviewers suggested by authors. See the ASA, CSSA, SSSA Editorial Policies information page for additional information on review policy. All revisions to the manuscript during the review process will be made by the author only, and revisions will be given the same manuscript number, with an R number on the end (e.g., CROP-2006-04-0017-ORA.R1). Each revision has the opportunity for another round of review—the manuscript status “awaiting reviewer selection” is automatic and does not indicate a resubmission. Authors have four weeks to review and return their manuscript following reviewer and associate editor comments. Manuscripts may be released if revisions are not received, and the paper will have to be submitted as a new manuscript. Within days of submission, we'll decide whether or not to send your paper through review. For papers that are reviewed, the average time from submission to final decision (including revisions) is about 80 days. Accepted papers go through an average of two revisions. During the writing and revision process, authors are encouraged to use efficient and concise writing, reducing redundant or wordy text. This will both improve the readability of the manuscript and avoid excessive per page charges, which are applied to papers after acceptance (see Publication Fees section below).
ORCID iD
Corresponding authors are required to use an ORCID iD when submitting a manuscript. More information on ORCID can be found on their website. We encourage all authors to list their ORCID iD in the manuscript.
Plagiarism Screening
Papers submitted to ASA, CSSA, SSSA journals are screened for plagiarism before being sent for review. If there appears to be major repetition from other sources, the editor will evaluate the duplication and take appropriate action as warranted.
Language Editing
Particularly if English is not your first language, you may wish to have your paper edited for language. This is not a mandatory step but may help to ensure that the scientific content of your paper is fully understood by journal editors and reviewers. Language editing does not guarantee that your manuscript will be accepted for publication. Authors are liable for all costs associated with English language editing.
Article Requirements
Full papers must be either reports of original research, critical reviews, or interpretive articles. The journal also publishes book reviews and letters to the editor. Papers related to crop science software are accepted as original research or letters to the editor (see guidelines). Authors should follow the Publications Handbook and Style Manual when formatting manuscripts for submission.
Please submit the manuscript file in Word format containing the title, abstract, text, references, figures, and tables. The submission should contain the following elements:
- Title
- Authors
- Affiliations
- Core Ideas
- Abstract
- Abbreviations
- Text
- Supplemental Material statement
- Data Availability statement (optional)
- Conflict of Interest statement
- Author Contributions
- Acknowledgments
- References list
- Figures* and figure captions
- Tables*
*Tables and figures (review quality) with captions should be placed into the text document at first mention. If the manuscript is accepted for publication, figures must also be submitted separately as high-resolution image files in the following acceptable formats: PDF, EPS, TIF, or JPEG.
Paper Structure
On the first page, give the title, a byline with the names of all authors, an author–paper documentation, a list of all nonstandard abbreviations used in the paper (standard abbreviations available in the Publications Handbook and Style Manual), and any other necessary footnotes. An abstract is required and is normally the second manuscript page. After the title page and abstract, the usual order of sections is Introduction, Materials and Methods, Results, Discussion, Conclusions (optional), Acknowledgments (optional), and References, followed by any figure captions and the tables. Results and Discussion may be combined and conclusions can be given at the close of the Discussion section. Start each section (including figure captions and tables) on a new page and number all pages.
Title and Byline. A title gives the reader a clear idea of what the article is about; it should be brief and informative. Use common names for crops and avoid abbreviations. The usual limit for titles is 10 to 12 words (not counting “and,” “of,” and similar conjunctions and prepositions). Titles in a numbered series of articles may be longer. Below the title, list the names of all authors. Place an asterisk after the name of the corresponding author (i.e., the person from whom reprints are to be requested).
Affiliations. The author–paper documentation is a single paragraph. The first sentence lists the authors (without professional titles) and their complete, current addresses. If a paper has only one author, or if all authors are from the same department and institution, omit the names (i.e., give the address only). The second sentence lists institutional sponsors, with the institutional article number of similar contribution acknowledgment. Add such an acknowledgment if an author has moved and using the current address leaves no other mention of the involvement of the former institution. Other information such as author contributions, granting, funding, or dissertation status may follow here or in a separate acknowledgment section at the end of the paper. End the author–paper documentation paragraph with these two statements: “Received ___________. *Corresponding author (e-mail).” The date received will be filled in by an editor.
Core Ideas. Include 3 to 5 summary statements that convey the core findings of the article. The purpose of these short, bullet-pointed statements is to identify the most relevant outcomes of the paper and to provide a synopsis encapsulating the significance of the research and its implications for readers. Each statement must be 115 characters or less (spaces included). If the article is accepted, the core ideas may also be used for promoting and publicizing the research.
Abstract. Abstracts are a single self-contained paragraph of no more than 1500 characters – including word spaces ‑ for papers or 750 characters for Notes. Abstracts should contain the rationale, objectives, methods, results, and their meaning or scope of application. Be specific. Identify the crops or organisms involved, the soil type, chemicals, and other details that are pertinent to the results. Do not cite references.
Abbreviations. Prepare a list in alphabetical order of abbreviations used in your article. Do not include SI units, chemical abbreviations, or abbreviations listed in the style manual as not needing definition.
Supplemental Material. Supplemental material may be included in the online version of articles at the discretion of the editors. The material must be submitted along with the original manuscript and will undergo peer review. Authors are encouraged to submit materials that contribute to the content and quality of the article or to use supplemental material as a means to shorten the text of manuscripts. Ancillary information such as some experimental data, including schematics of apparatus and maps of study sites, or material of interest mainly to specialists, are examples of potential supplemental material. When using supplemental material to shorten the text of a manuscript, keep in mind that the Materials and Methods section should provide enough detail to allow the reader to determine whether the interpretations are supported by the data.
Supplemental tables and figures should be cited in order in the main manuscript, as Supplemental Table S1, etc. Supplemental material should be formatted with a cover sheet listing authors and manuscript title, and the number of pages, figures, and tables. Tables and figures should be numbered Supplemental Table or Supplemental Figure S1, S2, etc. The managing editor may limit the quantity of supplemental material posted. Ideally, the supplement should consist of a single PDF or MS Word file (rather than a series of files with individual images or structures). Other file types, such as Quick Time or Excel, may be allowed. Contact the managing editor with questions about file types. If submitting videos please use the format .FLV (Flash Video) with 640 x 480 or 720 x 480 (widescreen) as the resolution. If you do not have this format available to you please contact the managing editor. The following are not allowed: executables (.exe) of any kind, java script, TeX, or PowerPoint.
Include a short (one- or two-sentence) paragraph, titled “Supplemental Material,” describing the supplemental material in the main manuscript directly after the main text.
Data Availability Statement. Authors are encouraged to include a data availability statement directing readers to research data. Include this statement directly after the main text.
Conflict of Interest Statement. Authors should include a statement just before the References section that explains any conflicts of interest. If there are none, authors should explicitly state there are no conflicts of interest.
Author Contributions. The contributions of each author to this work must now be indicated as part of the submission process. You may provide Author Contributions at original submission, but you MUST provide the information at revised submission. The submitting author is required to assign specific author contribution roles for each coauthor, using the CRediT taxonomy to indicate their respective roles. The 14 roles are Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Resources, Software, Supervision, Validation, Visualization, Writing – original draft, and Writing – review & editing. Author Contributions will be published with the accepted article and cannot be edited after article acceptance. Therefore, you must ensure the Author Contribution information you provide is accurate prior to final acceptance.
A final acknowledgments paragraph may be included.
References. ASA, CSSA, SSSA journals follow the APA style for citations and references. The author-year system for citations is required; do not use numbered references. Refer to chapter 1 of the Publications Handbook and Style Manual for examples of our reference and citation style, in addition to following these guidelines:
- Arrange the list alphabetically by the surnames of the first authors and then by the second and third authors.
- Single-authored articles should precede multiple-authored articles for which the individual is first author.
- Two or more articles by the same author are listed chronologically; two or more in the same year are indicated by a, b, c, etc.
- Only literature that is available through libraries or other readily accessible public media can be cited. Material that does not meet this standard should be cited as personal communication or unpublished data.
Tables. Follow APA style for tables. Each entry should appear in a new table cell. Do not use tabs, spaces, or graphics. Cite each table in the text in numerical order; do not use table parts (1a, 1b). Each table must be cited in the text. Table heads should be brief but complete and self-contained. Define all variables and spell out all abbreviations. Table notes can include “Notes” for general notes that apply to the entire table, superscript lowercase letters for specific notes, and asterisks and other symbols as needed for significance notes.
Figures. At submission, review-quality figures with captions should be placed into the main text document at first mention. Authors may also submit figures as separate files. If the manuscript is accepted for publication, color figures must adhere to our color-figure policy. Figures must also be submitted separately as high-resolution image files (300 dpi preferred) in the following acceptable formats: PDF, EPS, TIFF, or JPEG. PPT files are acceptable if the figure was created in PowerPoint. Width of figures should approximate desired print size, i.e., 80 mm for a one-column figure, 180 mm for a two-column figure. All figure parts should be labeled. Multi-panel figures should be submitted as one image. Biplots should have equally scaled axes with tick marks.
Spell out abbreviations on first mention in figure captions, even if they have already been defined in the main text. Define symbols used either in the caption or in a legend within the figure. For more information on figures, see Chapter 5 of the style manual.
Authors are responsible for obtaining all permissions for use of figures from other publishers; supply these releases at the time the accepted manuscript is forwarded for production. Authors are also responsible for obtaining permission from individuals whose images are included in photographs.
Math. Use keyboard formatting where possible (i.e., bold, super-/subscripts, simple variables, Greek font, etc.); if needed, use MathType (preferred) or Word Equation Editor (only if MathType is not available).
Units of Measure. The International System of Units (SI) must be used. Other units may be indicated in parentheses after the SI unit if this helps understanding or is needed for replication of the work.
Citing Genetic Material
Authors of CSSA publications must cite plant introductions, as well as registered cultivars, germplasm, parental lines, and genetic stocks when they are mentioned in the text of the Introduction, Discussion, or Characteristics section of research papers. Such genetic materials must also be cited when they are used to develop unreleased genetic populations that are the focus of the research paper, unless the development of the population can be cited more directly. Authors are encouraged to cite the Journal of Plant Registrations if possible. Other sources for citation information include the Genetic Resource Information Network (GRIN) maintained by the USDA. Registrations published in CS and the Journal of Plant Registrations (JPR) are indexed on the GRIN website. A general search in GRIN is available here.
Nomenclature
Both the accepted common name and the chemical name of pesticides must be given upon first mention in the manuscript. Use chemical symbols for elements, ions, and simple compounds except at the beginning of a sentence or in a title or heading. The Latin binomial or trinomial (and authority for plants) must be included with the common name for all plants, insects, pathogens, and animals at first mention. When referring to soils, give at least the subgroup in accord with the US system of soil taxonomy. Ideally, both the series and complete family name should be given.
To ensure uniformity and to have clear definitions of terms used for grazing lands and grazing animals literature, manuscripts submitted to the C-06 section of CS are required to adhere to the terminology developed by the Forage and Grazing Terminology Task Force. Submissions that use terms and definitions that deviate from the recommended terminology will be returned to authors for corrections before they are sent for review.
Changes to Author Byline
From time to time, authors' names are either added or removed from a given manuscript between the time of submission and publication. In situations such as this, the ethical and responsible manner of handling this type of change is for the lead author to advise the author being added or removed of the change and to notify, in writing, the journal editor and managing editor for approval. In addition, all coauthors should notify the managing editor that they are aware of and approve of the change.
Consent and Permissions
Before submitting the paper, the corresponding author should send each living coauthor a draft copy of the manuscript and obtain the coauthors’ assent to coauthorship. Authors are responsible for obtaining all permissions for use of figures from other publishers and should supply these releases at the time the accepted manuscript is forwarded for production. Authors are also responsible for obtaining permission from individuals whose images are included in photographs. Note that ASA, CSSA, and SSSA reserve the right to publish and republish any images you submit with a manuscript.
Errata
Errata may be used by the authors of a paper to correct errors and omissions that affect the integrity of the version of record that are identified after publication. All additions and corrections are subject to editorial approval and must be approved by all coauthors before submission; corrections of minor errors or omissions will not be published. Send all errata requests to the journal's managing editor.
Publication Fees
Author Page Charges
Manuscripts accepted for publication are assessed a mandatory per page author page fee for the eighth page and more pages published. Society members are charged $50 per page after seven pages and nonmembers are charged $100 per page after seven pages. The corresponding author must be a member to receive the member rate.
Optional Open Access Opportunity
After manuscript acceptance, authors have the option of paying an additional open access licensing fee of $1,500 to apply an open access license at the time of publication to make the article freely available without a subscription. These fees are in addition to any applicable author page charges.
Journal articles are published open access under the CC BY-NC-ND (attribution, noncommercial, no derivatives) license. Learn more
Authors may request that their article be published under the CC BY (attribution) license. Learn more
No author page fees are charged for invited reviews, comments, or letters to the editor.
Institutional Funding and Transformational Agreements
Your institution or funder may be able to help with open access licensing fees through a transformational agreement. For qualified authors, fees may be covered in full or part when publishing in the journal. Visit the institutional funder payments web page to learn if you qualify and for more information.
Authors Funded by cOAlition S
If you or one of your co-authors received funding from a member of cOAlition S, there may be restrictions on where you can publish. Please check your agreement with your funder for specific details. The information and author compliance tool on this web page can help you make an informed decision about where to publish in alignment with funder and journal requirements.
Green Open Access
Authors with an open access requirement mandated by a funding agency should purchase one of the two gold open access options with funds designated for publication charges by the funding agency. For other repository requirements, authors may post a PDF of the accepted version of a paper to funder and institutional repositories and/or employer’s sites after a 12-month embargo. Authors may post accepted papers to their own personal websites. The doi link must appear on the PDF.
Official Sources
- Spelling: Merriam-Webster’s New Collegiate Dictionary
- Plant scientific names: USDA–ARS GRIN database
- Soil series descriptions: USDA–NRCS Official Soil Series Descriptions
- Chemical names: PubChem
- Fungal nomenclature: Fungi on Plants and Plant Products in the United States (APS Press)
- ASA, CSSA, SSSA journal style: Publications Handbook and Style Manual
For questions about the format of submissions, the process of submitting a manuscript, or about the status of manuscripts that have been submitted and assigned a manuscript number, please contact the CS managing editor.